Adrian Massey's UK Horse Race Ratings

Trainer Ratings - as of the end of October 2019

Name	Runners in Last 12 Months	Wins in Last 12 Months	Places (inc wins) in Last 12 Months	Rating
A J MARTIN	251	20	74	114
A J MCNAMARA	66	4	12	79
A L T MOORE	61	8	14	93
A OLIVER	118	6	16	121
A P O'BRIEN	850	141	327	135
ADAM WEST	226	16	31	97
ADRIAN MCGUINNESS	400	38	106	120
ADRIAN MURRAY	81	7	10	103
ADRIAN NICHOLLS	148	15	47	100
ADRIAN PAUL KEATLEY	115	6	21	88
ADRIAN WINTLE	112	4	19	84
AIDAN ANTHONY HOWARD	89	11	26	142
AIDAN F FOGARTY	77	9	18	119
ALAN BAILEY	119	5	18	84
ALAN BERRY	98	3	11	93
ALAN FLEMING	76	4	13	91
ALAN KING	765	115	262	104
ALASTAIR RALPH	161	14	49	113
ALEX HALES	194	19	48	119
ALEXANDRA DUNN	442	37	104	107
ALI STRONGE	158	12	32	81
ALISTAIR WHILLANS	294	22	63	117
AMANDA PERRETT	245	27	84	133
AMY MURPHY	361	30	96	100
ANDREW BALDING	874	129	302	88
ANDREW CROOK	114	0	10	89
ANDREW HUGHES	73	6	14	99
ANDREW MCNAMARA	113	8	21	109
ANDREW SLATTERY	301	23	82	110
ANN DUFFIELD	126	5	25	94
ANTHONY CARSON	60	4	10	98
ANTHONY HONEYBALL	95	16	41	77
ANTHONY MCCANN	169	9	36	111
ANTHONY MULLINS	99	9	25	126
ANTONY BRITTAIN	313	25	86	101
ARCHIE WATSON	809	136	312	111
AUGUSTINE LEAHY	102	4	20	104
BARRY BRENNAN	55	5	8	88
BARRY MURTAGH	67	3	10	83
BEN CASE	128	15	35	100
BEN HASLAM	242	42	83	124
BEN PAULING	291	35	81	61
BERNARD LLEWELLYN	188	7	36	97
BILL TURNER	151	9	29	100
BOB BUCKLER	56	0	7	104
BRENDAN W DUKE	78	0	11	81
BRETT JOHNSON	78	7	25	108
BRIAN BARR	121	5	15	65
BRIAN ELLISON	475	56	142	125
BRIAN MEEHAN	223	21	55	86
BRYAN SMART	185	16	61	115
C A MCBRATNEY	79	1	9	77
C BYRNES	183	22	60	88
CAROLINE BAILEY	91	14	34	92
CHARLES HILLS	498	67	153	80
CHARLES O'BRIEN	122	7	28	110
CHARLES POGSON	68	6	16	98
CHARLIE APPLEBY	275	74	144	74
CHARLIE FELLOWES	249	32	82	97
CHARLIE LONGSDON	321	30	81	90
CHARLIE MANN	121	15	41	106
CHARLIE WALLIS	278	23	73	84
CHRIS DOWN	89	5	24	123
CHRIS FAIRHURST	68	7	14	131
CHRIS GORDON	233	21	63	89
CHRIS GRANT	152	8	24	90
CHRIS WALL	148	26	51	139
CHRISTIAN WILLIAMS	270	33	71	64
CHRISTINE DUNNETT	120	7	36	103
CHRISTOPHER MASON	83	9	26	104
CLAIRE DYSON	56	1	7	81
CLIVE COX	568	72	206	103
COLIN BOWE	58	7	23	136
COLIN TIZZARD	578	74	178	84
CONOR DORE	60	4	12	84
CONOR O'DWYER	114	6	21	107
CONRAD ALLEN	58	7	21	128
D BROAD	59	4	10	99
D J BUNYAN	75	1	10	83
D K WELD	434	66	139	98
DAI BURCHELL	57	5	12	121
DAI WILLIAMS	99	3	11	71
DAMIAN JOSEPH ENGLISH	139	8	42	97
DAN SKELTON	857	158	348	72
DANIEL KUBLER	74	11	21	101
DAVID BARRON	274	24	76	82
DAVID BRIDGWATER	176	20	35	90
DAVID BROWN	61	8	26	100
DAVID C GRIFFITHS	203	20	49	102
DAVID DENNIS	154	11	37	87
DAVID ELSWORTH	159	14	38	95
DAVID EVANS	580	58	154	100
DAVID HARRY KELLY	84	5	15	102
DAVID LANIGAN	98	9	30	85
DAVID LOUGHNANE	369	38	103	105
DAVID MARNANE	105	9	24	99
DAVID MENUISIER	104	14	30	113
DAVID O'MEARA	1022	129	359	118
DAVID PIPE	442	65	164	108
DAVID REES	76	15	33	106
DAVID SIMCOCK	430	48	122	82
DAVID THOMPSON	185	11	44	105
DEAN IVORY	373	49	102	108
DECLAN CARROLL	270	28	79	96
DECLAN QUEALLY	73	16	43	121
DENIS COAKLEY	114	6	25	79
DENIS GERARD HOGAN	838	65	210	109
DENIS QUINN	55	2	3	86
DENIS W CULLEN	62	2	11	108
DEREK SHAW	295	18	60	107
DERMOT A MCLOUGHLIN	218	14	38	111
DESMOND MCDONOGH	75	2	14	116
DIANNE SAYER	176	25	55	129
DOMINIC FFRENCH DAVIS	75	8	26	125
DONAL KINSELLA	50	2	9	105
DONALD MCCAIN	585	63	166	94
DONALD WHILLANS	51	6	18	127
DR RICHARD NEWLAND	273	60	121	85
E BOLGER	77	13	27	97
E J O'GRADY	156	11	36	106
E MCNAMARA	144	9	22	100
EAMONN O'CONNELL	69	1	2	96
ED DE GILES	175	14	31	79
ED DUNLOP	369	27	83	92
ED VAUGHAN	86	13	34	119
ED WALKER	415	52	141	122
EDWARD CAWLEY	64	4	12	133
EDWARD LYNAM	135	14	40	112
EDWARD P HARTY	76	5	19	88
EMMA LAVELLE	256	35	92	101
EMMA OWEN	50	4	8	100
EMMET MULLINS	112	19	38	101
EOIN DOYLE	94	4	18	106
EOIN GRIFFIN	54	3	8	90
ERIC ALSTON	123	17	40	120
EUGENE M O'SULLIVAN	65	2	9	115
EVAN WILLIAMS	499	45	125	61
EVE JOHNSON HOUGHTON	390	41	106	102
FERGAL BIRRANE	56	0	4	75
FERGAL O'BRIEN	366	56	150	122
G M LYONS	484	75	186	130
G T LYNCH	76	2	11	95
GARVAN DONNELLY	78	4	16	100
GARY HANMER	58	8	17	109
GARY MOORE	769	82	227	94
GAVIN CROMWELL	751	87	211	129
GAY KELLEWAY	212	16	64	99
GEOFFREY DEACON	60	2	9	79
GEOFFREY HARKER	69	1	12	91
GEORGE BAKER	208	24	71	101
GEORGE BEWLEY	102	5	13	87
GEORGE MARGARSON	82	8	25	100
GEORGE SCOTT	189	16	57	88
GERARD KEANE	91	7	21	113
GILLIAN BOANAS	119	11	25	108
GORDON ELLIOTT	1629	229	562	79
GRACE HARRIS	184	14	43	122
GRAEME MCPHERSON	185	19	54	109
GRANT TUER	119	18	45	140
H ROGERS	77	1	5	96
HARRY DUNLOP	137	3	22	77
HARRY FRY	258	44	94	75
HARRY WHITTINGTON	200	36	74	98
HEATHER MAIN	152	20	45	108
HENRY CANDY	216	26	68	85
HENRY DALY	172	17	53	106
HENRY DE BROMHEAD	643	92	222	108
HENRY HOGARTH	57	3	14	88
HENRY OLIVER	181	27	59	98
HENRY SPILLER	157	8	37	89
HUGHIE MORRISON	325	33	96	105
HUGO PALMER	391	58	144	110
IAIN JARDINE	503	56	138	104
IAN DUNCAN	53	4	16	104
IAN WILLIAMS	844	80	239	85
ISMAIL MOHAMMED	57	6	14	121
IVAN FURTADO	379	27	95	92
J A NASH	133	0	24	78
J A STACK	212	19	49	96
J F LEVINS	85	7	25	102
J J LAMBE	109	1	9	77
J P DEMPSEY	131	10	37	128
J P MURTAGH	309	25	97	121
J R BARRY	50	1	5	83
J R FINN	82	1	10	92
J R JENKINS	183	6	24	89
J S BOLGER	461	58	135	134
J S MOORE	134	6	14	89
JACK R BARBER	86	9	20	90
JACK W DAVISON	83	5	29	113
JAMES BETHELL	160	22	58	111
JAMES EUSTACE	113	9	29	110
JAMES EVANS	69	9	21	105
JAMES EWART	132	17	42	104
JAMES FANSHAWE	336	52	131	96
JAMES GIVEN	150	16	31	108
JAMES MOFFATT	116	13	32	88
JAMES TATE	321	75	143	124
JAMES UNETT	51	6	13	93
JAMIE OSBORNE	404	36	111	91
JAMIE SNOWDEN	254	50	100	127
JANE CHAPPLE-HYAM	179	20	46	110
JARLATH P FAHEY	89	5	20	127
JASON WARD	91	6	19	116
JEDD O'KEEFFE	274	37	102	129
JENNIE CANDLISH	283	28	77	83
JEREMY SCOTT	203	34	78	126
JIM BOYLE	186	15	48	92
JIM GOLDIE	484	35	113	96
JIMMY FOX	52	3	14	108
JIMMY FROST	110	7	24	97
JO HUGHES	72	5	18	104
JOANNE FOSTER	76	8	21	101
JOHN BALDING	52	4	9	98
JOHN BERRY	66	2	14	101
JOHN BEST	150	21	57	134
JOHN BRIDGER	212	8	43	101
JOHN BUTLER	349	31	76	89
JOHN C MCCONNELL	416	31	96	105
JOHN DAVIES	62	2	9	127
JOHN E KIELY	65	12	25	149
JOHN FLINT	171	14	36	90
JOHN GALLAGHER	153	11	37	88
JOHN GOSDEN	711	195	384	108
JOHN GROUCOTT	67	8	17	123
JOHN J WALSH	154	8	27	113
JOHN JAMES FEANE	176	13	44	95
JOHN JOSEPH HANLON	224	13	53	94
JOHN JOSEPH MURPHY	166	18	27	132
JOHN M BURKE	73	0	12	100
JOHN M OXX	177	10	36	87
JOHN MACKIE	125	7	32	86
JOHN O'SHEA	198	14	51	114
JOHN PATRICK RYAN	203	15	54	110
JOHN QUINN	388	42	113	120
JOHN RYAN	284	30	68	109
JOHN SPEARING	67	7	25	112
JOHN WAINWRIGHT	123	0	13	91
JOHNNY FARRELLY	238	16	54	87
JONATHAN PORTMAN	247	21	71	100
JONJO O'NEILL	447	53	136	82
JOSEPH G MURPHY	185	15	39	103
JOSEPH PATRICK O'BRIEN	1500	198	520	127
JOSEPH TUITE	195	16	40	114
JULIA BROOKE	73	11	30	117
JULIA FEILDEN	241	15	56	95
JULIE CAMACHO	201	24	66	114
K J CONDON	123	12	42	119
K R BURKE	584	68	195	109
KAREN MCLINTOCK	116	13	31	113
KAREN TUTTY	97	7	27	118
KARL THORNTON	122	11	23	111
KATIE SCOTT	95	5	13	81
KATY PRICE	127	13	37	103
KAYLEY WOOLLACOTT	51	4	6	81
KEIRAN BURKE	65	4	13	87
KEITH DALGLEISH	871	118	269	114
KEITH HENRY CLARKE	85	3	10	93
KEN CUNNINGHAM-BROWN	70	6	17	112
KENNY JOHNSON	90	5	12	107
KERRY LEE	133	11	37	80
KEVIN FROST	250	16	53	96
KEVIN PRENDERGAST	103	7	26	103
KEVIN RYAN	564	73	172	94
KIERAN P COTTER	96	9	21	97
KIM BAILEY	239	49	98	116
L J MORGAN	114	12	20	97
L YOUNG	73	2	7	95
LAURA MONGAN	108	6	16	78
LAWRENCE MULLANEY	120	9	34	115
LEE CARTER	113	6	20	74
LES EYRE	153	12	31	107
LIAM BAILEY	137	10	31	100
LIAM LENNON	80	3	15	93
LIAM P CUSACK	68	5	12	127
LINDA JEWELL	86	5	14	111
LINDA PERRATT	128	6	27	100
LISA HARRISON	55	3	13	88
LISA WILLIAMSON	217	8	36	109
LOUISE ALLAN	52	2	8	89
LUCINDA EGERTON	144	2	16	88
LUCINDA RUSSELL	413	43	123	91
LUCY NORMILE	72	5	22	120
LUCY WADHAM	146	24	55	105
LUKE COMER	88	3	14	103
LUKE MCJANNET	84	7	17	99
LYDIA PEARCE	139	5	13	93
LYNN SIDDALL	81	8	20	119
M C GRASSICK	68	2	15	100
M D O'CALLAGHAN	160	13	42	110
M F MORRIS	97	2	21	93
M HALFORD	332	45	108	104
MADELEINE TYLICKI	78	6	14	103
MALCOLM SAUNDERS	72	4	14	101
MARCO BOTTI	403	35	129	112
MARCUS TREGONING	145	20	40	107
MARJORIE FIFE	185	5	34	94
MARK FAHEY	88	6	21	117
MARK GILLARD	106	5	22	112
MARK H TOMPKINS	70	1	7	82
MARK JOHNSTON	1459	252	533	81
MARK LOUGHNANE	326	18	65	84
MARK MICHAEL MCNIFF	119	7	20	87
MARK PATTINSON	54	2	9	83
MARK USHER	270	13	49	103
MARK WALFORD	208	15	58	126
MARTIN BOSLEY	68	5	19	112
MARTIN KEIGHLEY	199	16	43	85
MARTIN SMITH	83	9	31	122
MARTIN TODHUNTER	107	11	31	109
MARTYN MEADE	132	22	55	94
MATT SHEPPARD	86	4	22	97
MATTHEW J SMITH	152	24	50	131
MAURICE BARNES	150	10	33	93
MICHAEL APPLEBY	887	92	232	72
MICHAEL ATTWATER	275	21	58	109
MICHAEL BELL	349	48	101	101
MICHAEL BLAKE	93	11	24	115
MICHAEL BLANSHARD	98	0	13	90
MICHAEL DODS	476	47	135	100
MICHAEL EASTERBY	515	37	117	89
MICHAEL G KENNEDY	63	4	14	98
MICHAEL HERRINGTON	120	14	45	122
MICHAEL HOURIGAN	67	5	12	102
MICHAEL J MCDONAGH	50	1	2	97
MICHAEL MADGWICK	102	8	25	108
MICHAEL MULLINEAUX	168	11	33	103
MICHAEL MULVANY	158	13	53	137
MICHAEL SCUDAMORE	180	14	42	90
MICHAEL WIGHAM	130	21	42	105
MICHAEL WINTERS	113	9	35	110
MICK CHANNON	680	74	210	89
MICK QUINN	79	8	19	91
MICKY HAMMOND	461	40	109	89
MIKE MURPHY	131	8	30	97
MIKE SOWERSBY	79	2	8	96
MILTON BRADLEY	198	11	29	87
MILTON HARRIS	114	11	30	106
MISS ELIZABETH DOYLE	192	9	36	96
MISS KATY BROWN	52	5	10	109
MOHAMED MOUBARAK	99	8	28	107
MR S DRINKWATER	56	5	17	87
MRS D A LOVE	228	8	53	86
MRS DENISE FOSTER	81	1	7	114
MRS JANE WILLIAMS	64	13	24	110
MRS JOHN HARRINGTON	902	98	281	92
MRS PRUNELLA DOBBS	67	3	8	100
MS MARGARET MULLINS	117	12	41	106
MS SHEILA LAVERY	195	18	54	126
N W ALEXANDER	202	24	57	102
NEIL KING	243	39	88	118
NEIL MULHOLLAND	586	56	155	122
NIALL MADDEN	67	4	9	121
NICK GIFFORD	105	11	30	100
NICK LITTMODEN	104	12	24	90
NICK WILLIAMS	90	15	34	106
NICKY HENDERSON	548	131	249	108
NICKY RICHARDS	202	43	89	95
NIGEL HAWKE	253	19	63	84
NIGEL THOMAS SLEVIN	57	4	17	104
NIGEL TINKLER	377	39	111	99
NIGEL TWISTON-DAVIES	537	74	180	94
NIKKI EVANS	100	2	10	92
NOEL C KELLY	148	13	39	106
NOEL MEADE	593	84	228	125
NOEL WILLIAMS	63	6	18	114
NOEL WILSON	118	2	9	87
OLIVER GREENALL	233	23	61	101
OLIVER MCKIERNAN	114	9	24	122
OLIVER SHERWOOD	243	33	91	98
OLLIE PEARS	190	14	48	111
OLLY MURPHY	484	81	188	65
OLLY WILLIAMS	90	6	20	92
OWEN BURROWS	142	30	65	126
P A FAHY	178	4	31	94
P J F MURPHY	53	4	10	108
P J ROTHWELL	245	3	18	73
PADDY BUTLER	55	3	4	85
PADRAIG ROCHE	122	13	39	108
PAM SLY	123	18	41	110
PAT PHELAN	142	9	31	95
PATRICK CHAMINGS	122	13	36	108
PATRICK G KELLY	78	1	11	102
PATRICK J FLYNN	162	16	44	112
PATRICK MARTIN	151	11	34	107
PATRICK MORRIS	79	4	16	91
PAUL COLE	194	25	67	109
PAUL D'ARCY	95	13	27	106
PAUL GEORGE	143	12	34	115
PAUL HENDERSON	115	5	24	96
PAUL HOWLING	106	2	17	67
PAUL JOHN GILLIGAN	75	4	15	103
PAUL MIDGLEY	343	36	102	102
PAUL NICHOLLS	589	136	257	55
PAUL NOLAN	198	17	59	115
PAUL STAFFORD	60	5	13	124
PAUL W FLYNN	135	5	17	81
PAUL WEBBER	149	9	33	93
PETER BOWEN	355	34	82	43
PETER CHAPPLE-HYAM	52	3	13	104
PETER FAHEY	302	26	82	113
PETER HEDGER	55	4	13	112
PETER HIATT	64	3	14	99
PETER MAHER	62	1	9	98
PETER NIVEN	53	3	8	111
PETER WINKS	55	5	9	113
PHIL MCENTEE	285	15	54	73
PHILIP FENTON	52	1	5	128
PHILIP HOBBS	554	108	235	100
PHILIP KIRBY	478	49	127	80
PHILIP MCBRIDE	135	19	40	123
PHILLIP MAKIN	142	10	38	92
POLLY GUNDRY	69	5	18	99
R K WATSON	141	9	24	110
R MIKE SMITH	204	10	37	97
R P CODY	53	4	20	102
RAE GUEST	150	16	50	99
RALPH BECKETT	524	87	176	108
RAY HACKETT	73	6	13	126
REBECCA BASTIMAN	326	18	80	94
REBECCA CURTIS	78	19	40	116
REBECCA MENZIES	282	44	85	129
RICHARD FAHEY	1562	182	482	138
RICHARD GUEST	172	10	46	88
RICHARD HANNON	1310	155	407	109
RICHARD HOBSON	79	7	22	93
RICHARD HUGHES	458	52	148	104
RICHARD JOHN O'BRIEN	137	7	23	78
RICHARD PHILLIPS	85	10	19	111
RICHARD PRICE	102	9	20	88
RICHARD ROWE	56	2	11	109
RICHARD SPENCER	323	27	85	88
RICHARD WHITAKER	94	10	23	123
ROBERT COWELL	356	30	94	87
ROBERT EDDERY	109	11	35	96
ROBERT STEPHENS	122	13	33	113
ROBERT TYNER	98	12	21	99
ROBERT WALFORD	94	9	25	100
ROBIN DICKIN	130	5	18	70
ROBYN BRISLAND	191	17	43	109
ROD MILLMAN	307	35	94	101
RODGER SWEENEY	54	2	8	108
ROGER CHARLTON	326	60	126	121
ROGER FELL	570	62	159	77
ROGER INGRAM	67	1	7	76
ROGER TEAL	178	23	53	114
ROGER VARIAN	625	124	292	125
RON BARR	55	1	6	103
RONALD HARRIS	224	29	69	134
RONALD THOMPSON	89	3	12	86
RONAN M P MCNALLY	58	5	14	122
ROSE DOBBIN	92	5	12	91
ROSS O'SULLIVAN	137	10	31	105
ROY BOWRING	66	5	17	112
ROY BROTHERTON	71	3	11	100
RUTH CARR	545	36	122	76
RUTH JEFFERSON	86	13	30	95
S DONOHOE	59	3	9	90
S J MAHON	172	5	18	89
S R B CRAWFORD	129	6	27	86
SAEED BIN SUROOR	345	84	164	126
SAM ENGLAND	158	18	51	110
SAM THOMAS	67	5	15	87
SANDY THOMSON	115	11	34	76
SARAH HOLLINSHEAD	85	2	15	96
SARAH HUMPHREY	55	7	16	78
SARAH LYNAM	64	4	15	107
SARAH-JAYNE DAVIES	98	4	12	89
SCOTT DIXON	253	17	72	105
SEAMUS DURACK	94	9	19	85
SEAMUS FAHEY	90	2	10	92
SEAMUS MULLINS	329	31	72	98
SEAN AHERNE	50	3	8	94
SHANE NOLAN	95	4	21	113
SHAUN HARRIS	67	5	9	96
SHAUN KEIGHTLEY	187	20	56	114
SHAUN LYCETT	52	6	12	109
SHEENA WEST	74	9	17	110
SIMON CRISFORD	290	59	135	99
SIMON DOW	182	17	52	93
SIR MARK PRESCOTT	283	42	103	98
SIR MICHAEL STOUTE	402	85	184	97
SOPHIE LEECH	183	13	43	115
STEF KENIRY	156	18	39	96
STELLA BARCLAY	136	9	26	92
STEPH HOLLINSHEAD	125	2	16	76
STEVE FLOOK	103	3	12	81
STEVE GOLLINGS	58	9	24	127
STUART COLTHERD	151	16	45	100
STUART EDMUNDS	135	18	52	113
STUART KITTOW	116	7	19	86
STUART WILLIAMS	541	72	180	114
SUE GARDNER	155	15	32	94
SUE SMITH	230	25	68	60
SUSAN CORBETT	81	3	9	109
SUZI BEST	93	4	12	76
SUZY SMITH	85	7	14	76
SYLVESTER KIRK	227	21	53	104
T G MCCOURT	217	12	37	114
T HOGAN	51	3	11	91
T J O'MARA	88	4	19	105
T M WALSH	84	7	23	74
TERENCE O'BRIEN	53	7	22	123
THOMAS CLEARY	75	1	8	94
THOMAS COOPER	59	1	7	92
THOMAS GIBNEY	101	5	18	109
THOMAS MULLINS	242	22	54	132
TIM EASTERBY	1325	131	352	116
TIM VAUGHAN	437	56	138	88
TIMOTHY DOYLE	141	9	30	100
TINA JACKSON	96	6	21	114
TOM CLOVER	195	16	58	95
TOM DASCOMBE	455	68	165	125
TOM GEORGE	339	44	124	87
TOM GRETTON	78	5	14	88
TOM LACEY	165	31	69	110
TOM SYMONDS	107	9	30	95
TOM TATE	101	9	24	94
TONY CARROLL	717	78	198	118
TONY COYLE	84	3	15	81
TONY NEWCOMBE	50	2	10	89
TRACEY COLLINS	80	6	19	101
TRACY WAGGOTT	128	4	26	100
TRISTAN DAVIDSON	85	17	35	122
V T O'BRIEN	61	3	9	105
VENETIA WILLIAMS	290	43	106	66
VICTOR DARTNALL	80	8	22	105
VICTOR THOMPSON	83	3	13	90
W J BURKE	76	6	16	106
W J MARTIN	62	2	8	106
W MCCREERY	291	27	82	118
W P MULLINS	877	184	376	105
WARREN GREATREX	303	36	91	66
WILF STOREY	69	7	20	128
WILLIAM HAGGAS	624	143	289	71
WILLIAM JARVIS	110	10	31	102
WILLIAM KNIGHT	211	19	53	94
WILLIAM MUIR	258	26	77	109
WILLIAM STONE	100	13	41	122
ZOE DAVISON	102	4	18	108